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Photoaging - Prevention and Treatment

Unilateral Dermatoheliosis


Photoaging is defined as a process of premature aging of the skin caused by continuous and long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or from a synthetic source such as tanning device. It affects primarily the area of exposed skin especially over the face, ear, neck and hands.

Clinically, it is characterized by early appearance of irregular pigmentation, prominent capillary blood vessels, lentigenes (age spots), wrinkles, thickening and laxity of the skin. Chronic exposure further predispose to formation of pre-cancerous lesions such as actinic keratoses which can lead to skin cancer.

Severity of photoaging is dependent on the duration of exposure to UV light as well as the patient’s skin type. Fair-skinned individuals with blonde or red hair usually burn easily upon exposure to direct sunlight and are at increased risk. Darker-skinned people show fewer signs of obvious photoaging, although their skin can become mottled with appearance of wrinkles.

Photoaging affects people as early as from teenage years. This condition can be prevented or minimized with various measures. Primary prevention aims to reduce the risk factors. This involved mainly sun avoidance, wearing protective clothing and applying sunscreens.

Secondary prevention includes early detection of disease and allows early intervention to delay or attenuate the clinical condition. This includes applying various topical formulations that contain retinoic acid, kojic acid, anti-oxidants such as topical vitamin C or E and superficial peeling agent such as alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs).

Treatment of existing symptomatic skin lesions is aimed to improve the clinical appearance as well as to prevent the progression of pre-cancerous lesions. This can be achieved by performing various clinical procedures such as electrocautery, cryotherapy, chemical peels, resurfacing techniques such as micro-dermabrasion, the use of ablative and non-ablative laser system, or surgery. A youthful appearance can be further enhanced by skin tightening methods using radiofrequency or ultrasound technology and injecting botulinum A toxin or soft tissue augmentation with various fillers.

Summary of my talk presented in Malang, Indonesia @ 16th January 2013

Photoaging - Pencegahan dan Pengobatan
(Bahasa Indonesia)

Photoaging didefinisikan sebagai proses penuaan dini pada kulit yang disebabkan oleh paparan Ultra Violet yang terus-menerus dan dalam jangka panjang,  radiasi dari matahari atau dari sumber sintetis seperti alat tanning. Ini mempengaruhi terutama daerah kulit terutama atas, telinga leher wajah, dan tangan.

Secara klinis, hal ini ditandai dengan penampilan awal pigmentasi yang tidak teratur, yang menonjol pembuluh darah kapiler, lentigenes (bintik-bintik penuaan), keriput, penebalan dan kelemahan dari kulit. Paparan kronis lanjut predisposisi pembentukan lesi pra-kanker, seperti keratosis actinic yang dapat menyebabkan kanker kulit.

Keparahan fotoaging tergantung pada durasi paparan sinar UV serta jenis kulit pasien. Berkulit putih individu dengan rambut pirang atau merah biasanya mudah terbakar setelah terpapar sinar matahari langsung dan berada pada peningkatan risiko. Darker-orang berkulit menunjukkan tanda-tanda lebih sedikit fotoaging yang jelas, meskipun kulit mereka bisa menjadi berbintik-bintik dengan munculnya keriput.

Photoaging dapat mempengaruhi orang dari tahun remaja. Kondisi ini dapat dicegah atau diminimalkan dengan berbagai langkah. Pencegahan primer bertujuan untuk mengurangi faktor risiko. Ini melibatkan penghindaran terutama matahari, mengenakan pakaian pelindung dan menggunakan tabir surya

Pencegahan sekunder meliputi deteksi dini penyakit dan memungkinkan intervensi awal untuk menunda atau melemahkan kondisi klinis. Ini termasuk menerapkan formulasi topikal yang mengandung berbagai asam retinoat, kojic acid, anti-oksidan seperti vitamin C topikal atau E dan alat peeling seperti alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs).

Pengobatan yang ada lesi kulit gejala bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penampilan klinis serta untuk mencegah perkembangan lesi pra-kanker. Hal ini dapat dicapai dengan melakukan berbagai prosedur klinis seperti elektrokauter, cryotherapy, chemical peeling, resurfacing teknik seperti mikro-dermabrasi, penggunaan sistem laser ablatif dan non ablatif, atau operasi. Sebuah penampilan muda dapat lebih ditingkatkan dengan metode mengencangkan kulit menggunakan teknologi frekuensi radio atau USG dan menyuntikkan botulinum toksin A atau augmentasi jaringan lunak dengan berbagai pengisi.

Prepared by:
Dr. Chong Yew Thong
Gleneagles Penang

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